Background
Carbon markets — both compliance-driven (EU ETS, UK ETS) and voluntary — are rapidly expanding as governments, businesses, and investors push toward net zero. However, they remain complex: project integrity, regulatory shifts, price volatility, and credibility risks can undermine their effectiveness. Meanwhile, technologies like Direct Air Capture and Carbon Capture and Storage are scaling but require informed adoption strategies.

Approach
At C3S, we ensure that carbon market strategies are grounded in the latest climate science, robust policy understanding, and market intelligence. Our work focuses not just on offsetting emissions, but also on ensuring transparency, permanence, and alignment with international standards such as Article 6 of the Paris Agreement and IC-VCM (Integrity Council for the Voluntary Carbon Market).